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英語の楽しみ 会話の中で体得した英語 ラテン語を語根とする単語 英語のイデオム 英語の単語
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ラテン語を語根とする英単語
Originated: 2002-10/11, Last Updated: 2006-9/30, 2007-1/25
英語の単語には、ラテン語を語根(root)とするものが多くあります。初見の単語でも、語根の意味を知っていると、
その意味を推測することの助けになります。或いは、同じ語根のようだ、と感じたとき、推測の助けにもなります。
単語を一つひとつ覚えるのは大変ですが、語根を知っておくと、単語習得が楽になりますし、また楽しくなります。
なお、似たものに「接頭語・接尾語」があります。これらは、別途拾い集めることにします。
なお、語根と接頭語、接尾語を組み合わせて、ひとつの単語になっているものもあります。
接頭語 ＋ 語根 ＝ 単語
語根 ＋ 接尾語 ＝ 単語
接頭語 ＋ 語根 ＋ 接尾語 ＝ 単語
ここでは、「接頭語・接尾語」以外のものについて、英英辞書などから拾った語根を（青字で)、
その意味及び単語とともに掲載します。
[語根は、alphabetical order に並べています。 a から s までは調査・整理中ですが、 t 以降は完了です。]
［「語根」という用語は、言語学的に正しい使い方かどうかは、私には分かりません。］
-ambi- meaning = "both, around"
ambiance, ambidextrous, ambiguous, ambivelence,
-cede- meaning = "go away from"
accede, antecedent, cede, concede, precede, precedent, recede, secede,
also see ---> -ceed-, -cess-
-ceed- meaning = "go, move, yield"
proceed, succeed
-ceive- meaning = "get, receive"
conceive, deceive, perceive, receive, transceiver
-cep- meaning = "get, receive, take"
accept, anticitate, concept, conception, perception, reception
also see ---> -ceive-
-cert- meaning = "certain, sure, true"
ascertain, certain, certificate, certify, concert, disconcerted
-cess- meaning = "move, yield"
access, accessible, recession, success, sucession
-cur- meaning = "run, happen"
concur, currency, current, curriculum, cursive, cursor, occur, recur
-dict- meaning = "say, speak"
benediction, contradict, dictate, dictator, diction, dictionary, dictum, edict, predict
-dox- meaning = "opinion, idea, belief"
doxology, orthodox, paradox
-duc- meaning = "to lead"
abduct, adduce, aqueduct,conductive, conduct, deduce, deduct, ducal, duct, produce,
production, produce, reduction, sedule, seduction, viaduct
-fer- meaning = "carry"
confer, defer, differ, ferry, infer, pestiferous, prefer, transfer
-fess- meaning = "declare,acknowledge"
confess, confession, confessional, profess, professional, professor, unprofessional
-fic- meaning = "make, do"
beneficial, certificate, fiction, honorific, horrific, pacific, prolific
-fid- meaning = "faith, trust"
confide, confidence, fidelity
-fin- meaning = "end, complete, limit"
confine, define, definition, final, finale, finance, fine, finish, finite, indefinite
-jur- meaning = "swear"
xxx
related to -jus-
-jus- meaning = "law, rule, fair, just"
xxx
related to -jur-
-lec- meaning = "gather, choose"
collect, election, eligible, elite, ineligible, lectern, lecture, recollect, select
-leg- meaning = "law" and "to gather; read"
It is related to -lec-.
delegate, illegal, illegible, intellect, intelligent, legacy, legal, legate, legend,
legible, legion, legislate, legitimate, paralegal, privilege, relegate, sacrilege
-man- meaning = "hand"
amanuensis, legerdemain, maintain, manacle, manage, maneuver, manual, manufacture, manure, manuscript
-man- meaning = "stay; to last or remain"
impermanernt, permanent, remain
-medi- meaning = "middle"
immediate, intermediate, media, medial, median, mediate,
mediator, medieval, mediocre, medium, multimedia
-ord- meaning = "order, fit"
coordinate, extraordinary, inordinate, insubordinate, ordain, order, ordinal, ordinance,
ordinary, ordination, subordinate
-ori- meaning = "rise, begin, appear"
aboriginal, aboriginie, abort, abortion, disorient, orient, orientate, orientation, origin, original
-pos- meaning = "put, place"
compose, composite, compost, composure, depose, deposit, dispose, expose, exposition, impose,
imposter,interpose, juxtapose, oppose, pose, posit, position,positive, posture, predispose,
preposition, prepossessing, presuppose, propose, proposition, purpose, repose, superimpose,
suppose, supposition, transpose
-preci- meaning = "value, worth, price"
appreciate, depreciate, precious, price, semiprecious
-priv- meaning = "separated, apart, restricted"
deprivation, deprive, privacy, private, privilege, privy, underpriviledged
-rect- meaning = "guide, rule, right, straight"
correct, direct, erect, indirect, insurrection, misdirect, rectangle, rectify,
rectitude, rector, rectum, resurrection
----------------------------------------
sat scend sci scope scrib semble sene sent serv sign simil soc sola sole som son soph sort spir stab stin strat strict stroph
----------------------------------------
-sect- meaning = "cut"
bisect, dissect, intersect, resection, section, sector, vivisection
-seq- meaning = "follow"
consequence, consequent, consequential, inconsequential, obsequious, sequel, sequence,
sequential, subsequent
-sess- meaning = "sit,stay"
assess, assessor, disposess, intersession, obsession, possession, repossession, session
-sens- meaning = "sense, feel"
consensus, dissension, ertrasensory, insensible, insensitive, nonsense, sensation,
sensational, sense, senseless, sensitive, sensor, sensory, sensual, sensuous,
-spec- meaning = "look at, examine"
aspect, expect, inspect, inspection, inspector, introspection, irrespective, perspective,
prospect, prospective, prospectus, respect, respectable, retrospect, special, specialize,
specialty, specie, species, specific, specify, specimen, specious, spectacle, spectacular,
spectrum, speculate, suspect
----------------------------------------
-tact- meaning = "touch"
contact, intact, tact, tactile
-tail- meaning = "cut"
curtail, detail, entail, retail, tailor
-tain- meaning = "hold"
abstain, attain, contain, detain, entertain, maintain, obtaib, pertain, rein,
retain, retinue, sustain
-term- meaning = "end, boundary, limit"
determine exterminate indeterminate, interminable, predetermine, term, terminal,
terminate, terminology, terminus
-theo- meaning = "God, god"
atheism, atheist, monotheist, pantheon, polytheism, theocracy, therology, theosophy
-therm- meaning = "heat"
hypothermia, thermal, thermodynamics, thermometer, thermostat
-thes- meaning = "put together, set down"
antithesis, hypothesis, parenthesis, photosynthesis, prosthesis, systhesis, parenthesis
-tom- meaning = "cut"
appendectomy, atom, dichotomy, hysterectomy, labotomy, mastectomy, tome, dichotomy, hysterectomy
-ton- meaning = "sound"
atonal, baritone, detonate, intonation, intone, monotone, monotonous, overtone, semitone,
tonal, tone, tonic, undertone
-tort- meaning = "twist"
extort, retort, torsion, tort, torte, tortollia, tortuous, torture
-turb- meaning = "stir up"
disturb, disturbance, imperturbable, masterbate, perturb, perturbation, turbid, turbine,
turbo, turbulent
-type- meaning = "impression"
archetype, atypical, protype, stereotype, type, typical, typify, typography
-terr- meaning = "earth, land"
extraterrestrial, terrace, terrain, terrarium, terrier, territory
-trac- meaning = "pull"
abstract, attract, attraction, contract, contraction, retract, distract, distraction,
extract, intractable, protracted, protractor, retract, retraction, subcontract, subtract,
trace, tract, tractable, traction, tractor,
-trude- meaning = "thrust, push"
extrude, intrude, obtrude, protrude
----------------------------------------
-vac- meaning = "empty"
evacuate, vacancy, vacant, vacate, vacation, vacuous, vacuum
-vade- meaning = "go"
evade, invade, prevade
-val- meaning = "worth, health, strength"
devalue, equivalent, valiant, valid, validate, valor, value
-var- meaning = "change"
invariable, variable, variance, variant, variation, varied, variety, various, vary
-vec- meaning = "drive, convey"
convection, invective, vector
-ven- meaning = "come"
advent, adventure, avenue, circumvent, contravene, convene, convenience, convent,
convention, covenant, event, eventual, inconvenience, inconvenient, intervene,
invent, invention, inventory, misadventure, prevent, provenance, revenue, souvenir,
unconventional, uneventful, venture, venturesome, venue
-venge- meaning = "protect, avenge, punish"
avenge, revenge, vengeance
-ver- meaning = "true, truth"
veracious, veracity, verify, verily, verisimilitude, veritably, verity
-verb- meaning = "word"
adverb, adverbial, proverb, proverbial, verb, verbal, verbalize, verbatim, verbiage, verbose
-verg- meaning = "turn, bend"
converg, diverge, verge,
also see ---> -vert-
-vert- meaning = "turn, change"
adversary, adverse, advertise, aversion, avert, controversy, conversant, conversation,
concerse, conversion, convert, diverse, viversion, divert, extrovert, inadvertent,
incontrovertible, introvert, inversion, invert, irreversible, obverse, perverse,
perversion, pervert, perversal, reverse, revert, subversion, subversive, subvert,
transverse, traverse, universal, universe, versatile, verse, version, versus,
vertebra, vertebrate, vertex, vertical, vertiginous, vertigo
-via- meaning = "way, route, a going"
deviant, devious, obviate, trivial, via, viaduct
-vict- meaning = "conquer"
convict, evict, victor, victorious, victory
-vide- meaning = "see"
aevident, provide, providence, providential, video, videocassette, videodisc, videotape
-vinc- meaning = "conquer, defeat"
convince, evince, invincible, vincible,
also see ---> -vict-
-vis- meaning = "see"
advice, visible, provision, revise, supervise, television,
visa, visible, vision, visit, vista, visual
-viv- meaning = "life, alive, lively"
convivial, revival, revive, survival, survive, survivor, viva, vivacious, vivid, viviparous,
vivisection
-voc- meaning = "call"
advocate, avocation, convocation, convoke, equivocal, evocative, evoke, invocation, invoke,
irrevocable, provocation, provocative, provoke, revoke, unequivocal, vocabulary, vlcal,
vocation, vociferous
-vor- meaning = "eat"
carnivore, carnivorous, devour, herbivore, herbivorous, omnivorous, voracious
-vot- meaning = "vow"
devote, devotee, devout, vote
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